Bruises and sprains

First of all, bruises and sprains are largely the same. In particular, the location and manner of occurrence are different. Sprains occur in joints and bruises can occur anywhere on the body. In addition, a bruise can be on a joint but a sprain cannot be on a location other than a joint. Let's take a closer look at bruises and sprains.

Bruise

Bruises are injuries to the tissue between the top layer (epidermis) of the skin and the bones. The epidermis is not damaged and no wound is visible. The damaged tissues can be muscles, tendons, subcutaneous connective tissue and other tissues.

If these tissues are damaged, fluid and blood are released through broken blood vessels and cells. This causes swelling and the increased pressure pinches nerves. This causes pain. If you press on the bruise, the pressure on the nerves increases and you feel more pain.

Origin and healing

Bruises always occur due to an external cause. Common bruises are on: forearm, lower leg or in the face. Bruised ribs are also quite common. Bruises can occur due to bumps, falls and the like. Recovery usually takes 3 to 5 weeks.

A bruise and ...bump due to bruise

Bruises can also occur in combination with other wounds. A fall on a knee can cause a bruise in addition to a wound. A bump on the forehead can indicate a concussion or even a spinal injury. Always check for other injuries.

Sprain

Sprains (twisting) only occur in joints. This is because a sprain does not occur from outside but because a joint makes a forced movement. This stretches and damages tissues and ligaments. The bone is not damaged.

Furthermore, the same thing happens with a sprain as with a bruise. Blood and fluid cause swelling and therefore pressure on the nerves. Moving the joint becomes more difficult and painful.

Origin of sprain

A sprain (twist) is damage to the tissue around a joint. The damage is caused by an incorrect movement of the joint. Think of the ankle when stepping, an incorrect movement of the knee or a wrist that bends too far when catching a fall.

How can you recognize a bruise or sprain? Bruising or spraining damages the subcutaneous tissue. Blood vessels are broken. This causes subcutaneous bleeding. This results in a blue discoloration. The so-called bruise. Swelling can also occur. This swelling is caused by fluid. The fluid does not cause discoloration. Pressing on the bruise or sprain worsens the pain. After a few days, the swelling will subside again.

The symptoms of a bruise or sprain sometimes look very similar to those of a broken bone. In case of doubt, an X-ray in the hospital can provide clarity. This photo can only be made after referral by a doctor.

Are you in doubt between a contusion/sprain or a fracture? Then assume a fracture and let a doctor prove otherwise (or not of course).

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